With varicose veins, the venous walls due to various factors lose elasticity, elasticity.Also, the disease can be caused by a violation of the integrity of the blood vessel valve, which increases the pressure with the subsequent stagnation of the blood of the subcutaneous vessels and veins.
General information about varicose veins
In this material, we will understand what provokes the appearance of the enlargement of the veins of the lower limbs, what it is, which is effectively getting rid of the disorder and will return the beautiful appearance of the legs.
According to doctors, the main reason is a genetic predisposition.
If parents, grandparents have had such disorders, descendants can harm this disease.
This risk factor cannot be excluded when diagnosing the disease.It doesn't matter if the veins and vessels of the legs or inguinal vein are enlarged the anal vessels.If at least one relative had a pathology of the subcutaneous vein in the lower limbs, sooner or later the descendants may have a manifestation of symptoms.
Particular attention should be paid to prevention in order to eliminate the possible risk factors, then even the weakened vein of the legs will not be stretched and will not lose elasticity.It is necessary to ensure that the legs of the feet should not be subjected to any of the factors of the appearance of the enlargement of the veins.
The main methods of prevention are a mobile lifestyle, moderate physical exertion, a rare wearing of high current, and if the smallest symptoms are detected, it is necessary to check with a doctor, as even the smallest problems can cause serious pathology.
Symptoms of varicose veins
Varicose disease, which affects the veins of the lower limbs, is classified in the international practice at stages based on the neglect of the pathology and the severity of the manifestation.Each stage is diagnosed separately, all of which are characterized by different symptoms, on the basis of which the treatment method has been chosen.
So, symptoms that are a sign of varicose veins at different stages:
- In the first stage, subcutaneous veins in the lower limbs have a barely noticeable pattern and protrude slightly above the skin, there are small redness.There are complaints from the doctor about the weight of the legs, an evening edema after a hard day.Excessive shoes can be the cause of the ends of the legs in the ankle, convulsions are also possible.It should be noted that often painful sensations can appear much earlier than visible signs;
- In the second stage, there is already a typical appearance for patients with leg veins: they are significantly visible over the skin and tangible with your fingers, they look like nodes or beads.With the progression, the subcutaneous vein of the lower limb becomes visible and acquires the winding shapes of dark blue or even black hue;
- In the third stage, varicose veins are observed, such signs as trophic changes in the veins on the legs, the skin becomes overhanging and pale, daily edema, convulsions.Often the symptoms manifest themselves in the fact that the legs are covered with rash, itching of the skin and itching;
- The symptoms in the fourth, the most severe stage are the inflammatory processes of the subcutaneous veins of the lower limb, not the treatment of trophic ulcers, which are already difficult to treat.The key feature at this stage of disease is the addition of secondary infection and thrombophlebitis.With these manifestations, emergency hospitalization is necessary for the hospital, integrated use of methods for treating the whole body.
Experts emphasize key risk factors:
- hereditary diseases associated with varicose veins in different parts of the body;
- Hormonal disorders can increase blood coagulation, reducing the elasticity of veins on the legs;
- Obesity, ascites, which increases the load on the legs, is accompanied by the expansion of the walls of the veins;
- Pregnancy or lifting heavy objects increase the pressure inside the abdominal cavity, which also helps to weaken the vascular walls and varicose veins;
- Lack of load on the legs, inactive work is filled with the enlargement of the veins on the legs;
- Close lingerie, smaller shoes that squeeze the vein, wearing heels, which causes the blood circulation of the veins on the legs;
- Varicose veins are often caused by a kidney disease or cardiovascular system that causes swelling, is observed with the enlargement of the veins of the lower limbs.
Diagnosis of varicose veins: characteristics and procedures
The main methods that suggest the diagnosis of varicose veins on the legs are:
- External examination of varicose veins of the legs to be performed by qualified doctors at the hospital;
- Ultrasound Doppler, which allows you to identify the seals of the walls in the veins of the lower limbs.Such a diagnosis allows you to unambiguously determine the stage of violation;
- The duplex scanning of the veins on the legs, which is done by the doctor of the profile clinic, allows you to clearly identify varicose insufficiency.This method that combines ultrasound and Doppler examination can be checked what happens to the veins: circulation rate, leg diameter, valve function and condition that characterize varicose veins;
- A phlebostique study that allows for high accuracy to be analyzed and even at the initial stage, find out about the expansion of varicose veins of the legs and take timely preventative measures.It is performed by the introduction of subcutaneous special coloring of a substance, such fluid in Vienna is separated on the monitor with a contrasting color;
- Occlusive payable;
- Using the tomographic diagnosis of diseases (MRI, computed tomography), complications accompanying varicose veins can be detected;
- The complex uses bandage samples or harness for the diagnosis of diseases such as additional different methods for determining the stage of varicose veins.
Decoding the results of the diagnosis of varicose veins, as a rule, does not require much time.Most procedures take 10 to 40 minutes, after which the attending physician is the diagnosis based on the information received.The diagnosis should only be believed by an experienced clinic doctor who can make a clear and unmistakable diagnosis, since treatment at different stages includes different methods, principles of treatment, medicines.
Doctors involved in the treatment of the disease
The varicose veins of the legs require a qualified integrated approach, so it should be done in a profile clinic.Patients who are interested in the question of which doctor treats disorders in the veins of the lower limbs, the answer is unequivocally-this is a phlebologist.A narrow specialist conducts exams, on their basis, prescribes effective methods of treating or surgical intervention of the neglected stages of varicose veins of the legs.
Patients who have been disappointed in the general specialization, doctors should contact such a disease with a narrow profile phlebologist who treats the cause of the disease directly and helps to overcome the disease without severe consequences for the whole body.
Methods of treatment
For patients who are interested in how to treat varicose veins at different stages, we give a list of effective methods that help to solve the problem.Treatment, depending on the indications, is divided into non -beegic methods and surgery, which is used if the problems with the blood vessels and legs have reached the maximum.Treatment is prescribed only after analyzes and examination.
The following is used in the treatment of non -bertel methods:
- Taking medicines responsible for increasing the tone of the venous walls.Medicines do not eliminate the causes of the disease, but only prevent the manifestation of a particular symptom such as weight in the legs, swelling;
- The use of heparin -containing ointments, which also relieve the symptoms and help you get rid of unpleasant sensations;
- If the patient is at risk of blood clots, prevention in the form of coagulants is prescribed;
- Compression knitwear, which reduces the load on the leg, helps to distribute the load even with active physical activity, does not allow the blood to stagnate.Thanks to wearing compression socks or tights, the foot does not even have a weight at the end of the day, there is no edema;
- Elimination of symptoms and causes is possible through preventive measures: stabilizing daily regimen, physiotherapy exercises, which allows to relieve the stress that falls on the feet during the day, treating concomitant health disorders.
Indications for the use of surgical treatment of varicose veins are an extensive lesion of the veins of both limbs, trophic ulcers, thrombophlebitis, phlebotrombosis and other serious conditions that are not treated for drugs.The choice of treatment of the disease of the lower limbs with the help of surgery is determined by the specific course of the disease, the presence of concomitant health disorders, other pathologies.
The surgical methods of treating varicose veins are ::
Sclerotherapy - Using the procedure, small vascular stars can be treated, resulting in bonding of the veins being honest.During the procedure, a special adhesive is introduced into the vessel, which connects the walls with a small degree of damage.After a while, the stars are absorbed, minor symptoms of manifestation are removed, which makes the legs attractive.The advantage of this method of treatment is the lack of anesthesia and a short time (the procedure lasts 5-15 minutes);
- Laser coagulation - helps to solder larger vessels subjected to damage to the walls.Treatment for local anesthesia is preceded.Then the doctor introduces a lighter into a vein that passes a laser beam.The radiation heats the venous walls, which is why the vessel is soldered, the place of the spike is later absorbed completely;
- Radio Frequency Ablation (Coagulation) - The effectiveness of this new method of treatment has already been able to evaluate doctors.The essence of the procedure lies in the action of high frequency current on the venous walls inside, allowing them to stick;
- Flbectomy - involves the removal of large vessels, the walls of which will no longer return to the condition of the tone.Refers to the radical methods for treating varicose veins on the legs, which remove the veins that occur no more than 10% of the blood circulation.The deep veins are restored to increased blood volumes.The operation is used for the severe release of subcutaneous veins, nodes and pathologies.
After treatment at the clinic, some precautions should be observed.To reduce the load on the feet and to achieve maximum results in the treatment of varicose veins, it is recommended to wear flank shoes, do not lift heavy objects, wear compression products that the doctor prescribes.
Indications for varicose veins
The most susceptible to the appearance of varicose veins, whose professions are associated with a long stay in the vertical state, resulting in a significant load on the legs.Such professions include hairdressers, sellers, surgeons.The reasons are also hidden in overweight, obesity.Varicose is also found in women who are constantly wearing high collection shoes.
Varicose disease involves the use of certain precautions, indications of prevention, which avoid the more increasing development of the disease, help to reduce the likelihood of surgical treatment.
These measures include:
- Regular examinations at the clinic, it is also necessary to take tests and, if necessary, to go through the procedure prescribed by the doctor;
- Exclusion of long -term leg stay, normalizing the diet;
- Timely measures for treatment in making such a diagnosis;the use of anti -striking underwear with varying degrees of compression;
- conducting a healthy lifestyle, rejecting bad habits in the form of smoking and alcohol;
- It is recommended to add foods that contain fiber to the diet;
- Timely elimination of constipation.
These measures will avoid the appearance of varicose veins and in the first stage will help to eliminate visible signs, prevent the development of pathology and the appearance of significant vascular nodes.
Contraindications to the disease
There are few contraindications for varicose veins, but they must be strictly observed, especially in the difficult stages of the pathology:
- Passivity and a sedentary lifestyle.The purpose of the veins is to return the blood through the veins from the limbs in the heart and lungs, this is ensured by the stable functioning of the valves of the vessels.The varicose veins of the legs occur with stagnation of blood in the body.Physical activity is therefore necessary within the norm;
- Improper nutrition, the use of harmful foods, as obesity and overweight increase blood pressure;
- Pregnancy, since when the child is gestured, the load on the limbs increases, the volume of the blood in the circulatory system increases;
- Running and intense physical activity.It is recommended that you choose sports without excessive loads, yoga, massage, aquaerobic;
- Hot shower and bath.
With the right legs, signs and causes of the disease can be left and moderate physical activity will allow you to restore the previous healthy appearance, as it is much more expensive and more difficult to get sick and treat pathology than to take preventive measures.